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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">animal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экология и животный мир</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ecology and Animal World</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2224-1647</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Институт экспериментальной ветеринарии им. С.Н. Вышелесского</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">animal-182</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности и преимущества использования шмелей для опыления в аграрной практике</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pollination activities of bumblebees in agricultural practice: challenges and solutions</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Климко</surname><given-names>Т. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Klimko</surname><given-names>T. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Климко Т.И., магистр сельскохозяйственных наук</p><p>г. Минск</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Архипова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Arkhipova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Архипова Н.В., кандидат ветеринарных наук</p><p>г. Минск</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зинина</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zinina</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зинина Н.В., кандидат биологических наук</p><p>г. Минск</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>РУП «Институт экспериментальной ветеринарии им. С.Н. Вышелесского»</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>8</fpage><lpage>16</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Климко Т.И., Архипова Н.В., Зинина Н.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Климко Т.И., Архипова Н.В., Зинина Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Klimko T.I., Arkhipova N.V., Zinina N.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://animal.belal.by/jour/article/view/182">https://animal.belal.by/jour/article/view/182</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассмотрена роль шмелей Bombus spp. как высокоэффективных опылителей в аграрных экосистемах. Освещены морфологические и поведенческие особенности, обеспечивающие преимущества шме- лей перед медоносной пчелой Apis mellifera, включая способность к вибрационному опылению, активность при низких температурах и в условиях пониженной освещённости. Приведён обзор зарубежного опыта использо- вания шмелей в сельском хозяйстве (ЕС, Канада, Япония, Украина), включая их влияние на урожайность и ка- чество продукции. Описаны экологические угрозы, такие как неоникотиноиды и изменение климата, а также меры по сохранению шмелей в условиях Беларуси. Сделан вывод о высокой целесообразности применения шме- лей в защищённом и открытом грунте.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article explores the role of bumblebees Bombus spp. as highly effective pollinators in agricultural ecosys- tems. It outlines morphological and behavioral characteristics that provide bumblebees with clear advantages over the honey bee Apis mellifera, including the ability to perform buzz pollination, forage in low temperatures and under re- duced light. The paper presents an overview of international practices in the use of bumblebees in agriculture (including the EU, Canada, Japan, and Ukraine), emphasizing their impact on crop yield and quality. The study also highlights key ecological threats such as neonicotinoid pesticides and climate change, and identifies measures aimed at bumblebee conservation under the conditions of Belarus. It was concluded that it is highly advisable to use bumblebees in protected and open ground.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>шмели</kwd><kwd>опыление</kwd><kwd>сельское хозяйство</kwd><kwd>теплицы</kwd><kwd>устойчивость</kwd><kwd>биоразнообразие</kwd><kwd>климат</kwd><kwd>Беларусь.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bumblebees</kwd><kwd>pollination</kwd><kwd>agriculture</kwd><kwd>greenhouses</kwd><kwd>sustainability</kwd><kwd>biodiversity</kwd><kwd>climate change</kwd><kwd>Belarus.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гоулсон, Д. Шмели: поведение, экология и охрана / Д. Гоулсон. – Оксфорд : Oxford University Press, 2010. – 317 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Гоулсон, Д. Шмели: поведение, экология и охрана / Д. 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